中欧安智贸合作
China-OSCE intellectual trade cooperation时间(TIME)：2021-08-03 15:43:00
海关总署 2013年9月12日
一、中欧安智贸计划简介及背景
2005年6月，世界海关组织（WCO）通过了《全球贸易便利与安全标准框架》（以下简称《标准框架》）一揽子文件。《标准框架》通过后，中欧海关提出了“安全智能贸易航线试点计划”（以下简称“安智贸”），旨在建立安全便利的智能化国际贸易运输链，从而实现对物流的全程监控，降低货物安全风险，便利国际贸易。安智贸以海关间数据交换、经授权的经营者、互认监管结果、共同风险规则以及电子封志/智能集装箱的应用为基础，实现信息共享，确保贸易链安全。
安智贸于2007年11月19日在中国深圳、英国菲利克斯托和荷兰鹿特丹之间的海运航线正式启动。
安智贸是全球范围内第一个全面实施《标准框架》的国际合作项目，在国际海关界和商界引起广泛关注，成为海关与企业双赢的典型项目。2008年，推广安智贸试点合作经验的“推进贸易安全与便利倡议概念文件”被列为亚欧首脑会议提出的四大倡议之一。
二、主要进展情况
在中欧双方的共同努力下，安智贸项目取得了以下成果：
（一）海关间数据交换运转顺畅
截至2009年3月，我方接受安智贸项下申报出口货物1333票，出口集装箱3162标准箱；进口货物376标准箱。
中国海关与英国、荷兰海关间的数据交换渠道畅通。
（二）中欧双方共同选定了试点企业，并就“经海关认证的经营者”（AEO）互认开始实质性探讨和观摩验证
在企业自愿参与的前提下，双方共同选定了10对参与试点企业。
为加强安智贸项下的AEO合作，中欧将双方的AEO制度进行了比较研究，并互派关员到对方进行AEO观摩验证。
（三）双方共同研究确定了10大风险规则，并就最低监管标准达成一致
（四）双方互认监管结果，并就具体实现方式达成一致，开发了相应计算机系统功能
双方商定，进口国海关对提前获得的电子数据进行风险分析，必要时可向出口国海关提出查验请求。出口国海关应进口国请求进行货物查验并将查验结果发送给进口国海关。在没有收到进一步情报的情况下，进口国海关认可出口国海关的查验结果，给予企业通关便利。
（五）部分安智贸项下出口集装箱使用了电子封志
截至2009年3月，我方出口安智贸项下货物正常使用电子封志598个。
三、现阶段工作重点
（一）加快中欧AEO互认进程。
开展AEO互认是安智贸项目中极其重要的组成部分。在完成中欧AEO立法比较和互派官员开展观摩验证后，双方将正式启动中欧海关AEO互认磋商。中国AEO企业进入欧盟市场将享受更加宽松的通关环境。
（二）扩大参与港口和试点企业。
实践证明，参与企业在试点过程中充分享受到了双方海关提供的通关便利。目前，双方正考虑下一步将中欧双方更多港口纳入安智贸试点，使得更多的企业能享受通关便利，最大程度地体现和维护企业的利益。
（三）支持电子封志/智能集装箱供应商参与试点
中欧双方鼓励集装箱安全设备（CSD）供应商在免费提供产品的前提下自愿参加安智贸。目前已有4家中国CSD供应商表示愿意在试点期间免费提供产品和服务。
1、 Introduction and background of China OSCE intellectual trade plan
In June 2005, the World Customs Organization (WCO) adopted the standard framework for Global trade facilitation and security (hereinafter referred to as the standard framework)《 After the adoption of the standard framework, China EU customs put forward the "pilot plan for safe and intelligent trade routes" (hereinafter referred to as "safe and intelligent trade"), which aims to establish a safe and convenient intelligent international trade transportation chain, so as to realize the whole process monitoring of logistics, reduce cargo security risks and facilitate international trade. On the basis of data exchange between customs, authorized operators, mutual recognition of supervision results, common risk rules and the application of electronic seals / smart containers, Anzhi trade realizes information sharing and ensures the security of the trade chain.
On November 19, 2007, an Zhimao officially launched the sea route between Shenzhen, China, felixtor, UK and Rotterdam, Netherlands.
An Zhimao is the first international cooperation project in the world to fully implement the standard framework. It has attracted extensive attention in the international customs community and business circles and has become a typical win-win project between customs and enterprises. In 2008, the concept paper of the initiative to promote trade security and facilitation, which promoted the experience of pilot cooperation in security, intelligence and trade, was listed as one of the four major initiatives put forward by the Asia Europe summit.
2、 Main progress
With the joint efforts of China and the EU, the Anzhi trade project has achieved the following results:
（1） The data exchange between customs is running smoothly
As of March 2009, we have accepted 1333 tickets of export goods and 3162 TEUs of export containers declared under Anzhi trade; 376 TEUs of imported goods.
The data exchange channels between Chinese customs and British and Dutch Customs are smooth.
（2） China and the EU have jointly selected pilot enterprises and started substantive discussion, observation and verification on the mutual recognition of "operators certified by customs" (AEO)
On the premise of voluntary participation, the two sides jointly selected 10 pairs of pilot enterprises.
In order to strengthen AEO cooperation under Anzhi trade, China and the EU have conducted a comparative study on the AEO systems of both sides, and sent customs officers to each other for AEO observation and verification.
（3） The two sides jointly studied and determined 10 risk rules and reached an agreement on the minimum regulatory standards
（4） The two sides recognized the supervision results, reached an agreement on the specific implementation method, and developed the corresponding computer system functions
Both parties agree that the customs of the importing country shall conduct risk analysis on the electronic data obtained in advance, and may submit an inspection request to the customs of the exporting country if necessary. The customs of the exporting country shall inspect the goods at the request of the importing country and send the inspection results to the customs of the importing country. In the absence of further information, the customs of the importing country shall recognize the inspection results of the customs of the exporting country and facilitate the customs clearance of the enterprise.
（5） Some export containers under Anzhi trade use electronic seals
As of March 2009, we have exported 598 electronic seals normally used for goods under Anzhi trade.
3、 Focus of work at this stage
（1） Accelerate the process of China EU AEO mutual recognition.
AEO mutual recognition is an extremely important part of an Zhi Mao project. After the comparison of China EU AEO legislation and the exchange of officials for observation and verification, the two sides will officially launch the China EU customs AEO mutual recognition consultation. Chinese AEO enterprises entering the EU market will enjoy a more relaxed customs clearance environment.
（2） Expand participation in ports and pilot enterprises.
Practice has proved that participating enterprises have fully enjoyed the customs clearance facilities provided by the customs of both sides in the pilot process. At present, the two sides are considering the next step to include more ports of China and the EU in the pilot of Anzhi trade, so that more enterprises can enjoy the convenience of customs clearance and reflect and safeguard the interests of enterprises to the greatest extent.
（3） Support electronic seal / smart container suppliers to participate in the pilot
China and the EU encourage container safety equipment (CSD) suppliers to voluntarily participate in Anzhi trade on the premise of providing products free of charge. At present, four Chinese CSD suppliers have expressed their willingness to provide products and services free of charge during the pilot period.
